| Dylan Thomas' Early Life and Work |
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Dylan Thomas' roots lie deep in
south west Wales - Carmarthenshire and Cardiganshire - now
known as Ceredigion. These are counties to which he was irresistibly
drawn throughout his life. He lived in many places in his short
life including
London, Kent and Sussex, but returned to West Wales to produce his
most compelling and memorable works - most notably Ceredigion
where his various stays in New Quay and Talsarn were among
the most productive of his writing career. |
Thomas is remembered by most
for his final play 'Under Milk Wood'. Started in New Quay and
partially written at Southleigh near Oxford, then finally completed in
New York minutes before its first public performance, 'Under Milk Wood' has stimulated a
long-running debate
as to which town is the model for 'Llareggub'. Local Author
David Thomas notes that many of the characters (from New
Quay) were written in long before Dylan Thomas ever
visited Laugharne. He has clearly established a strong case
for New Quay being the model for 'Llareggub' while the name
'Under Milk Wood' is probably taken from the farm
called 'Wernllaeth' where Dylan was taken by his good
friend, the Aberaeron vet Tommy Herbert. Dylan and
Caitlin's daughter Aeronwy was named after the river
Aeron which flows through the Aeron valley to Aberaeron ,
and about which Dylan said was: 'the most precious place in
the world'.
Thomas' Grandfather was a guard
'Thomas the Guard' on the Great Western Railways and lived in Johnstown, on the edge of Carmarthen.
His Father, David John Thomas, was educated at Aberystwyth University
where he gained a first in English after winning a scholarship in1895. He later became a senior
English Master at Swansea Grammar School where he is remembered as
being strict and blessed with a deep and sonorous speaking voice.
D. J. Thomas wanted to be a poet, and felt that teaching was very
much a waste of his talents. In her book 'Caitlin', Dylan's wife
describes him as : '..the most unhappy man I have ever met and it
showed in his face. He was unhappy with his life. It was exactly
the kind of life that he had hoped not to have, and by the end he
could feel himself sinking back into the very existence he had
sought to escape'. Dylan's Mother was Florence Hannah Williams - born on the
Llanstephan peninsula just across the water from Laugharne where
her son and his wife were to live later.
| Dylan Marlais Thomas was
born on October 27, 1914, in the upstairs front bedroom of his parents
newly built house at 5 Cwmdonkin Drive, Swansea. Behind the
house ran an alley and across the road was Cwmdonkin Park.
The name Dylan is taken from the
"Mabinogion", a collection of mediaeval
Welsh stories. His middle name Marlais
is the name of a stream near the birthplace of his great
uncle, the Preacher and Bard Gwylim Marles Thomas. The Rev Thomas ministered to the Unitarian
Chapel at Llwyn Rhydowen near Llandyssul from
1860.
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Dylan is
said to have been inspired by the leafy glades and shady paths of
Cwmdonkin park. In his radio
broadcast ‘Reminiscences of Childhood’ he speaks about the
importance of the park and its significance in his early life. He
describes it as:...."A
world within the world of the sea town full of terrors and
treasures a country just born and always changing and that park
grew up with me.In that small, iron-railed universe of rockery,
gravel-path, playbank, bowling-green, bandstand reservoir,
chrysanthemum garden, ....in the grass one must keep off, I endured,
with pleasure, the first agonies of unrequited love, the first slow
boiling in the belly of a bad poem, the strutting and raven-locked
self-dramatization of what, at that time seemed incurable
adolescence." |
He also
wrote, 'The Hunchback in the Park' about a character observed there in
his youth. Two of the seven verses are below.
The
Hunchback in the park
A solitary mister
Propped between trees and water
From the opening of the garden lock
Until the Sunday sombre bell at dark |
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Eating
bread from a newspaper
Drinking water from the chained cup
That the children filled with gravel
In the fountain basin where I sailed my ship
Slept at night in a dog kennel
But nobody chained him up. The
fountain is still there in the park (left). But the chained tin
drinking cup is now long gone. |
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Thomas'
summer holidays as a child were at the Carmarthenshire
dairy farm of his mother's sister, Ann Jones, and her husband, Jim
at
Llangain.
The Farm 'Fern Hill' - see photo on right - was the
subject of the poem of the same name. Without doubt these were
pleasant times, for as he writes:
'And as I was green and carefree, famous among the barns
About the happy yard and singing as the farm was home,
In the sun that is young once only,
Time let me play and be
Golden in the mercy of his means,
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